What are the key design requirements for a trough or animal drinking bowl?

There are a number of design requirements for troughs and animal drinking bowls including:

• The trough/drinking bowl must be watertight

• An inlet arrangement supplying water to the trough/drinking bowl must:

Be of an appropriate quality and standard to control the flow

Be rigidly and securely fixed

Be protected against environmental, accidental and animal damage

• The supply to the trough/drinking bowl must be protected by a suitable form of fluid category 5 backflow protection.
  The easiest way to prevent backflow from happening is to ensure a suitable gap is maintained between the water inlet feeding the trough or drinking bowl and the overflow or spill over level. Alternatively, where multiple troughs or drinking bowls are supplied from the same distribution pipe, a break tank arrangement fed via a Type AA, AB or AD arrangement could be used to provide backflow protection.

  
  

• To minimise waste when maintaining or replacing components a servicing valve should be installed as close as practical to the inlet arrangement.
  Stop valves which isolate trough(s)/drinking bowl(s) will also help to minimise waste in the event of a leak and enable pipework and troughs/drinking bowls not in use over the winter to be isolated and drained, which will help to prevent frost damage. Don’t forget to label which troughs/drinking bowls a stop valve controls.

  
  

• All water fittings must be protected against environmental, accidental, and animal damage . For example, pipework laid at a depth less than 750 mm must be protected. This includes any above ground and outside the thermal envelop, which must be ducted, insulated and sealed. Sealing will help to prevent damage by rodents which is a common cause of leaks. In the case of troughs fitting a raised service box, which does not compromise any air gap providing backflow protection, will protect the inlet arrangement.

• To stop the inlet from becoming submerged and prevent waste of water as a result of continuous spillage, troughs and drinking bowls should be installed level.

  
  

Additional sources of information

• Agricultural booklet